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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You probably already know that different varieties produce different flavors. Find out more about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, which are a variety of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and tarter flavor profile, and are often added to coffee blends to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world with 75% of global coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are sweeter and less acidic than Robusta, and come in different flavors. The taste and aroma components of a particular coffee can vary greatly based on the climatic conditions and methods of processing employed to make it.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word that means the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that sprout within bright red berries. It is believed ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats were invigorated by eating fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee quickly spread all over the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and they are in a position to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons why Arabica is considered to be the most delicious coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters insist on using ethically-sourced arabica beans by focusing on fair wages for farmers as well as sustainable growing practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to create distinctive coffees that are suitable for many different brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the flavour, aroma and body of the coffee and is usually preferred to create an even and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean grown in the world. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against pests and diseases. They also contain more chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. However, these acids can cause oxidation in the coffee brewing process and may produce undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more durable than arabica, able thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and is growing faster than arabica. This makes it a more economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it might seem contradictory Robusta beans are typically blended with arabica to make coffee blends. If you see the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya listed on a coffee bag, it's likely that there's some robusta in there as well.

While some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do mix the two varieties to reduce costs and maintain the quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor, you should choose an excellent bean from a reliable source. The best method to do this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football, which is what makes them distinct from other coffee beans. They have a distinct aroma that is floral and fruity with the smoky notes. They are often blended with other coffee bean varieties to add an extra, stronger flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are available in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They are well-adapted to humid, hot climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They also have a much better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect to grow at home. Online, you can buy seeds from a variety of sources. However, it's best to purchase the beans from local producers to ensure high-quality. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee are fertile deep volcano soils that have moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa, which was once considered a distinct species, but has been re-classified as a subspecies of Liberica. These coffee beans are ovals that grow on 20 to 30-foot coffee beans to buy plants at medium altitudes. They have a distinctive taste that is both fruity and tart, which makes them a popular choice in house blends. They are also lighter in aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta, but still have a distinct depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as common as Arabica and Robusta, despite being the fourth most popular. In fact they were considered to be a distinct coffee bean suppliers plant species until 2006 when they were reclassified as an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7% of the world's coffee beans near me production. These beans have a distinctive teardrop shape, and an intriguing dark flavor. They are typically utilized to give blends extra body and a sweet tart flavor of ripe fruit.

Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are renowned for their sweeter taste. They thrive at high altitudes and have warm, tropical climates. They have a little acidity. If properly brewed and roasted they may have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most-loved coffee in the world, and accounts for about 40% of all coffee consumed in the world. These beans are smaller and more round but they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two varieties and have an earthy, woody flavor.

Once you've mastered the four most commonly used types of coffee beans manchester beans now is the time to pick the perfect coffee. If you're looking for a smooth and delicate taste, go for an arabica or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.